Reframing the Landscape of the Prespa Lake

Abstract
This paper examines the Prespa Lake landscape as a complex cultural, ecological, and territorial system, proposing an interpretative framework for the regional development of Pustec Municipality in Albania. Positioned at the borders with North Macedonia and Greece, Pustec represents a unique intersection of landscapes, cultures, and ecosystems. The study investigates the interplay between territory, landscape, and environment, highlighting how qualitative perceptions of landscape can inform planning and development, complementing quantitative territorial analysis. Drawing on the works of Turri, Jakob, Cosgrove, and Magnaghi, the research situates landscape as both a perceptual and operative tool, capable of integrating infrastructure, natural systems, cultural heritage, and dwelling patterns into a coherent vision when the protagonist is the Prespa Lake. Comparative analysis with transboundary developments around Prespa Lake illustrates differing approaches to sustainable tourism, rural livelihoods, and environmental stewardship across Albania, North Macedonia, and Greece. The methodology combines field observation, mapping, and qualitative analysis, producing a framework that identifies potentials, constraints, and opportunities for Pustec. The paper concludes by proposing an integrated, landscape-based approach for regional development, emphasizing environmental conservation, cultural valorisation, and socio-economic resilience. By framing Pustec within the broader Prespa Lake landscape, this study offers a model for interpreting and guiding development in border regions, where ecological, cultural, and spatial dynamics converge.

Keywords: Landscape, Territory, Nature, Culture, Environment