How does the form of road infrastructure impact the propagation of traffic-induced noise in urban areas of Tirana?
Authors
MSc. Kelvi PETI, POLIS University, Albania
Dr. Fiona IMAMI, Co-PLAN, Institute for Habitat Development, Albania
Abstract
Over the years, Tirana has undergone rapid development, particularly after the 1990s, when at least onethird of the country's population migrated from peripheral and rural areas toward the capital and larger
urban centers.
This phenomenon, combined with the fast pace of globalization, the introduction of a market economy, and
the increasing accessibility of private car ownership, has gradually led to a significant rise in road traffic –
now the main contributor to urban noise pollution. The level of acoustic pollution (which exceeds the
standards set by the EU) is not only a current reality in Tirana but also a growing concern, directly affecting
the quality of life and the health and well-being of those exposed to it. While many studies have explored
the impact of mobility on noise pollution levels, few have examined the influence of road infrastructure
design and form on noise propagation.
This study aims to analyze the extent to which the urban road infrastructure form influences the level of
acoustic pollution in high-traffic areas in Tirana. By combining quantitative and qualitative measurements,
the study investigates the distribution of acoustic pollution in these traffic-dense zones. The areas are
compared through a Multi-Criteria Assessment (MCA), using key criteria such as road infrastructure form,
presence and typology of noise barriers, height and distance of surrounding buildings, among others.
The results reveal significant differences between urban forms in how noise spreads. The study concludes
with a set of strategic and specific proposals for improving infrastructural and urban design elements,
showing that certain urban forms and road designs can be more effective than others in containing noise
pollution within urban spaces.
Keywords
Sound propagation, urban noise, acoustic landscape, urban morphology, traffic, Multi Criteria Assessment– MCA
